Last weekend, I finally visited the Bimuseo on the Amador Causeway in Panama City. It presents the amazing biodiversity of the newest part of North America. What is now Panama was a gap between the American continents then plate tectonics and volcanos made a narrow east-west bridge between what is now Columbia and Central America.
Biodiversity followed the formation of the new land as animals and plants great and small made their way to and through the strip land between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. At the narrowest point in the middle of Panama (No surprise, the location of the Panama Canal.) the country is less than 50 miles wide, spreading to more than 100 miles wide east and west of the canal.
When a population is separated and isolated from each other and has different sources of food, new species can form. In Panama this process formed, for example, two hundred species of bats within the borders of a country just four hundred miles long. Plants, insects, reptiles, birds and other creatures all evolved into new species inside the little country that connects the great continents.
On either side of Panama to the north and south marine species that once swam between the two oceans were separated and formed their own ecosystems in the oceans. In this sense, the Panama Canal doesn't connect the two oceans. The canal rises from each ocean to Gatun Lake in the middle of the country 26 meters above sea level. The lake is fed by the Chagres River which empties into the Atlantic Ocean on the north side of the canal.
The water that fills the locks and floats the ships across the country flows down from Lake Gatun into the locks and out to sea. If the canal had been built at sea level through Nicaragua (one of the plans in the late 1800s) it might have been a path between the seas for marine creatures. But in Panama, the canal is a fresh-water path flowing out to the seas from the lake in the middle.
The biodiversity the Biomuseo presents is evident around me every day I live in this lush country. Animals, birds and plants unique to Panama are visible everywhere and, of course, many more are invisible.